ADRENALINE BITARTRATE

Background and Date of Approval

Adrenaline bitartrate received FDA approval on 12/07/2012 for emergency treatment of allergic reactions (anaphylaxis).

Uses

Adrenaline bitartrate is used to rapidly relieve severe allergic reactions to drugs or other substances causing allergies. It is a primary drug administered during cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) to reverse cardiac arrest. Additionally, it is employed in emergency shock treatment resulting from a severe allergic reaction. Furthermore, it plays a crucial role in assisting surgeons by inducing and maintaining mydriasis (enlarging the pupil) during eye surgery.

How is it administered?

Adrenaline bitartrate is available as a 1mg injection for intravenous, intramuscular, and subcutaneous use to be administered by your healthcare provider. Your doctor will decide the most suitable dosage for your case according to your age and physical circumstances.

Side Effects

drenaline can cause some side effects like any other drug. Common side effects include anxiety, tremors, weakness, sweating, nausea, and respiratory difficulties. Stress cardiomyopathy may lead to chest pain, shortness of breath, and irregular heartbeat. Patients should be vigilant and promptly report any severe reactions to healthcare providers.

Warnings

Adrenaline bitartrate should be avoided under certain circumstances and in specific medical conditions. Inform your healthcare provider if you have a known allergy to adrenaline or its components in the injection. Additionally, it is not recommended during pregnancy, in cases of severe heart disease, and when suffering from brain infections, diseases, or tumors. Tell your doctor if you have atherosclerosis, a condition characterized by the narrowing and hardening of blood vessels. Engaging in transparent communication with your doctor regarding your medical history and medications is crucial to ensure the safe and proper use of adrenaline injections.

Precautions

Before the treatment with adrenaline bitartrate, consult your doctor if you are pregnant, planning to conceive, or breastfeeding. Additionally, inform your doctor about any existing lung or liver conditions. It is unknown whether alcohol is safe with this injection, so consult your doctor for advice. If you experience dizziness, refrain from driving or operating machinery, and consult your doctor for guidance. These precautions emphasize the need for personalized medical advice when using adrenaline bitartrate.

Word of Advice

Since adrenaline bitartrate is an emergency drug, you will be under medical supervision during and, if necessary, after the treatment. If you experience any side effects during or after treatment, inform your healthcare provider promptly. Avoid spicy and fatty foods. Take plant-based diets. Avoid alcohol and quit smoking to resume a healthy lifestyle.

References

Mercury Pharmaceuticals Ltd, Electronic medicines compendium (EMC), [Revised on Nov 2018], [Accessed on 26th Sept 2023], https://www.medicines.org.uk/emc/product/6595/pil Belcher Pharmaceuticals, US Food and Drug Administration (FDA), [Revised on Jul 2021], [Accessed on 26th Sep 2023], https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2021/205029s006lbl.pdf KD Tripathi, Essentials of Medical Pharmacology, Adrenergic Transmission and Adrenergic Drugs, 8th edition, 2019, 145-152 Goodman & Gilman’s, The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, Adrenergic agonists and Antagonists,13th edition, 2018, 194-196

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the primary use of adrenaline bitartrate injection?

It is a primary drug administered during cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) to reverse cardiac arrest.

Does adrenaline bitartrate injection increase heart rate?

Yes, adrenaline bitartrate injection acts on beta receptors in the heart, causing cardiac stimulation, thereby increasing the heart rate.

What should I do if I think I'm having an allergic reaction?

If you doubt a severe allergic reaction, seek immediate medical help, and your healthcare provider may administer adrenaline injection if needed.

Is it safe to use an adrenaline injection if I have other medical conditions or take other medications?

It is important to inform your doctor about your medical history and medications to ensure safe use, as some drugs can interact with adrenaline.

How long do the effects of adrenaline bitartrate injection last?

The adrenaline bitartrate injection works within minutes, and the effects last for around 10 to 20 minutes.

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Written By: P. Thirumal Reddy

Reviewed By: Dr. Tejashwin Adiga