CANGRELOR

Cangrelor is an intravenous antiplatelet medicine used to reduce the risk of blood clots in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), a procedure commonly referred to as coronary angioplasty. It is a P2Y12 platelet inhibitor. Unlike oral antiplatelet medicines, cangrelor acts rapidly and has a short duration of action. This makes it particularly useful in emergency or procedural settings where rapid and controlled platelet inhibition is required. Cangrelor received approval from the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in June 2015 for use in patients undergoing PCI who have not been pretreated with oral P2Y12 inhibitors and are not receiving glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors. Its approval provided an option for immediate platelet inhibition during cardiac procedures.

Cangrelor is indicated to treat the following conditions: • Prevention of blood clots during percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) • Reduction of risk of heart-related complications during coronary procedures

Cangrelor is given as an intravenous (IV) medicine in a hospital setting, usually during cardiac procedures such as percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Treatment starts with a rapid IV bolus injection to achieve an immediate effect. This is followed by a continuous IV infusion to maintain platelet inhibition during the procedure. It is administered under the supervision of a healthcare professional, typically in a catheterisation laboratory or intensive care setting. The medicine works within a few minutes, providing fast protection against clot formation. Its effect is short-acting, and normal platelet function generally returns within about 1 hour after stopping the infusion. This controlled, fast-acting profile makes Cangrelor especially useful when quick, temporary platelet inhibition is required.

Like all medications, Cangrelor can cause side effects, although not everyone will experience them. Serious side effects of Cangrelor are: • Severe bleeding • Intracranial haemorrhage (bleeding in the brain) • Gastrointestinal bleeding • Allergic reactions • Shortness of breath Common side effects of Cangrelor are: • Mild bleeding or bruising • Injection site reactions • Low blood pressure • Headache • Nausea

Cangrelor should be used carefully due to the risk of serious side effects: Bleeding risk : The most important concern is increased bleeding, which can range from minor bruising to severe internal bleeding. Hypersensitivity reactions : Allergic reactions, including rash or breathing difficulty, may occur in rare cases. Use with other blood thinners : Combining Cangrelor with anticoagulants or other antiplatelet drugs can significantly increase bleeding risk. Emergency surgery risk : Because it affects blood clotting, patients requiring urgent surgery must be closely monitored.

Certain precautions are important when using Cangrelor: Monitoring during administration : Patients should be observed for signs of bleeding throughout the infusion. Kidney function : Although no major dose adjustment is usually required, caution is advised in patients with severe kidney impairment. Transition to oral therapy : After stopping Cangrelor, patients are typically switched to an oral antiplatelet medicine. Proper timing is important to maintain continuous protection against clot formation. Pregnancy and breastfeeding : Limited data is available, so it should only be used if clearly needed and prescribed by a doctor. Low body weight or elderly patients : These patients may have a higher risk of bleeding and require careful monitoring.

https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2015/204958lbl.pdf https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK594269/ https://go.drugbank.com/drugs/DB06441