IMATINIB
Background and Date of Approval
Imatinib is a targeted anticancer medication that received approval for medical use on 10 May 2001.
Uses
Imatinib has been developed to treat a type of stomach cancer (Gastrointestinal stromal tumour), chronic eosinophilic leukemia, Philadelphia chromosome positive chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) in blast crisis, accelerated phase and chronic phase, Philadelphia chromosome acute lymphoblastic leukemia, myelodysplastic syndrome and skin cancer (Dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans).
How is it administered?
Imatinib is available in the form of tablets and capsules in the doses 100mg and 400mg. Your healthcare provider will calculate the ideal dose according to your condition. Take Imatinib Tablet/capsule with a large glass of water. If you have trouble swallowing, dissolve the tablet or capsule contents in water or apple juice and consume them.
Side Effects
The common side effects that are likely to occur while you are on the treatment with Imatinib are edema, nausea, vomiting, muscle cramps, musculoskeletal pain, diarrhoea, rash, cough, sinusitis, bone pain, constipation, and tiredness. Some serious side effects of Imatinib treatment include heart problems, hypothyroidism, severe skin reactions, bleeding, liver impairment, kidney impairment, and stomach problems. If you experience severe headache, lightheadedness, confusion, dizziness, or severe abdominal pain, report to your doctor immediately.
Warnings
Contact your doctor immediately if you experience shortness of breath, rapid heartbeat, fever, or severe bleeding. During the Imatinib treatment, your doctor may periodically monitor your complete blood counts, blood sugar, electrolytes, thyroid panel, and kidney parameters to prevent serious complications. Report to your doctor if you have been diagnosed with diabetes, hypertension, problems in your heart, liver, skin, kidneys or blood disorders. It is not recommended to undergo surgery or dental procedures during treatment with Imatinib due to high risk of grade ¾ hemorrhage. Tell your physician before you undergo surgery or dental procedures. Get immediate medical attention if you experience itching, yellowing eyes or skin, skin rashes, pain or discomfort in the right upper stomach area.
Precautions
Imatinib may cause harm to an unborn baby. Tell your healthcare provider before beginning this treatment if you are pregnant or planning to have a baby. It is advised for both men and women to follow proper contraceptive methods during and for 14 days after the last dose of Imatinib. Avoid breastfeeding your baby while you are on the treatment and for a month after the last dose as Imatinib can impact the growth and development of the baby by passing into the breast milk.
Word of Advice
Imatinib may cause constipation. Maintain adequate hydration and a balanced diet during treatment. Inform your healthcare provider if you develop unusual weight gain. Avoid driving or operating heavy machinery if you experience dizziness, blurred vision, or tiredness while taking Imatinib.
References
KD Tripathi, Anticancer Drugs, Essentials of Medical Pharmacology, 8th Edition, 2019, 915-936. Anton Wellstein, Giuseppe Giaccone, Michael B. Atkins, and Edward A. Sausville, Goodman & Gilmanâs Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, Pathway-Targeted Therapies: Monoclonal Antibodies, Protein Kinase Inhibitors, and Various Small Molecules, 13th Edition, 2018, 1203-1236. Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation, US Food & Drug Administration, [Revised on Aug 2022] [Accessed on 10th Sep 2022], https://www.novartis.com/us-en/sites/novartis_us/files/gleevec_tabs.pdf
Frequently Asked Questions
What are the most common side effects of Imatinib?
The common side effects that are likely to occur while you are on the treatment with Imatinib are edema, nausea, vomiting, muscle cramps, musculoskeletal pain, diarrhoea, rash, cough, sinusitis, bone pain, constipation, and tiredness.
Is it safe to use Imatinib during pregnancy?
Imatinib may cause harm to an unborn baby. Tell your healthcare provider before beginning this treatment if you are pregnant or planning to have a baby.
Is it safe to undergo a surgery during the treatment with Imatinib?
Imatinib is associated with increased risk of bleeding complications and poor wound healing. Hence it is suggested to avoid planning for surgery while on treatment with Imatinib. Tell your physician before you undergo surgery or dental procedures.
For how long can you take Imatinib?
You can take Imatinib for as long as your doctor prescribes. Many healthcare providers prescribe Imatinib for 3 years for patients at high risk of cancer recurrence.
What should you not take with Imatinib?
It is not recommended to take medications like warfarin, heparin, erythromycin, and phenytoin while on treatment with Imatinib. Tell your healthcare provider if you are taking any prescription medicines, over-the-counter drugs, vitamins, or herbal supplements.
When should you notify your physician?
Get in touch with your healthcare provider immediately if you experience unexpected weight gain, loss of appetite, bleeding, bruising, itching, yellowing of skin and eyes, shortness of breath, stomach pain, dizziness, abnormal heartbeat, or confusion.
How should you store Imatinib?
Store Imatinib tablets and capsules at room temperature, away from the reach of children. Protect from moisture.