IXEKIZUMAB
Background and Date of Approval
Ixekizumab is an active pharmaceutical component indicated for certain inflammatory conditions, particularly moderate to severe plaque psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis. It belongs to the interleukin inhibitor class of drugs. Clinical data demonstrate rapid onset of action, with improvements in skin symptoms and joint pain frequently observed within the initial weeks of treatment. Ixekizumab received FDA approval on 22 March 2016.
Uses
It is used in the treatment of plaque psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis. Severe plaque psoriasis is a chronic autoimmune skin condition characterized by thick, red, and scaly patches. At the same time, psoriatic arthritis is an inflammatory condition that affects the joints and is often associated with psoriasis.
How is it administered?
To use Ixekizumab, follow the instructions provided by your healthcare provider or as indicated on the medication label. It is typically administered as an injection under the skin. The exact dosing and administration instructions may vary based on the specific condition being treated.
Side Effects
Ixekizumab, like any medication, can cause side effects. Common side effects include injection site reactions, upper respiratory tract infections, and headaches. Serious side effects may include infections, allergic reactions, inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) exacerbation or new-onset, hepatitis B virus (HBV) reactivation, and the potential for depression or suicidal thoughts.
Warnings
Ixekizumab carries several important warnings. These include an increased risk of serious infections, including tuberculosis (TB), and the possibility of reactivating latent TB infection. Allergic reactions, such as anaphylaxis, have been reported, requiring immediate medical attention. The development or exacerbation of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), including Crohn's disease or ulcerative colitis, is another potential risk. Hepatitis B virus (HBV) reactivation can occur in individuals with a current or previous HBV infection. Monitoring for malignancies, including skin cancers, is advised. There is also a caution regarding the potential for this medication to cause or worsen depression, suicidal thoughts, or other mood disorders.
Precautions
Precautions should be taken when using ixekizumab. Before starting treatment, individuals should be screened for latent tuberculosis (TB) infection, and appropriate treatment should be initiated if necessary. Close monitoring for signs of infection, including serious or opportunistic infections, is advised throughout treatment. Allergic reactions, such as anaphylaxis, have been reported and may require immediate medical attention. Individuals with a history of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) should be closely monitored for disease exacerbation or new-onset symptoms. Caution should also be exercised in individuals with a history of malignancies or those at increased risk, with regular skin examinations recommended. It is important to discuss these precautions with your healthcare provider and follow their guidance to ensure safe and effective use.
Word of Advice
Ixekizumab requires careful use and adherence to necessary precautions. Before beginning treatment, discuss any pre-existing conditions, including liver disease, with your doctor and inform them of all medications you are currently taking to prevent potential drug interactions. Pregnant women and those who are breastfeeding should consult their doctor before starting treatment. Regular monitoring for signs of infection, allergic reactions, or development of inflammatory bowel disease is essential. Additionally, remain alert for symptoms of depression, suicidal thoughts, or mood disorders, and seek medical attention promptly if these occur. Take precautions to minimise exposure to live vaccines and consider individual factors such as cardiovascular risk factors and prior history of malignancies.
References
Eli Lilly and Company, Electronic medicines compendium (EMC), [Revised on 25 May 2023] [Accessed on 17th June 2023], https://www.medicines.org.uk/emc/product/8199/pil#gref Eli Lilly and Company, US Food and Drug Administration, [Revised on March 2021] [Accessed on 17th June 2023], https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2021/125521s014lbl.pdf
Frequently Asked Questions
Can I receive ixekizumab if I have a tuberculosis (TB) history?
Before starting ixekizumab, screening for latent TB infection is essential, and treatment should be initiated if necessary. Your healthcare provider will guide you based on the specific situation.
How long does it take for ixekizumab to start working?
The response to ixekizumab can vary among individuals. Some may experience improvement in symptoms within a few weeks, while others may require a longer treatment duration. Following the prescribed treatment plan and discussing your progress with your healthcare provider is important.
Can I receive live vaccines while on ixekizumab?
Live vaccines should generally be avoided while on ixekizumab due to the potential for decreased vaccine effectiveness or an increased risk of infection. It's important to consult with your healthcare provider regarding vaccination recommendations and timing.
Can ixekizumab be used in children?
The safety and effectiveness of ixekizumab in pediatric patients have not been established. Its use in children should be discussed with a pediatric dermatologist or rheumatologist.
Can I undergo surgery while on ixekizumab?
If you have a scheduled surgery or procedure, informing your healthcare provider that you are receiving ixekizumab is important. They can guide whether any adjustments that need to be made to your treatment plan.
Can ixekizumab cause serious side effects?
While ixekizumab is generally well-tolerated, it risks potential side effects like any medication. While serious side effects are rare, they can occur. It is important to be aware of the possible risks and discuss them with your healthcare provider. They can provide detailed information about the potential side effects and help monitor for any signs or symptoms during your treatment.