MIFEPRISTONE

Mifepristone is a medication that plays a vital role in reproductive health. Originally developed in the 1980s, it was approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in September 2000. It is best known for its use in combination with another medicine to end an early pregnancy. However, it is also approved for treating specific medical conditions such as Cushing’s syndrome. Over the years, several clinical trials have confirmed its safety and effectiveness, especially when used under proper medical supervision. The medicine works by blocking the action of certain hormones in the body, helping control various hormonal disorders.

Mifepristone is approved for the following medical uses: Medical termination of intrauterine pregnancy up to 10 weeks (used with misoprostol) Management of high blood sugar (hyperglycemia) in adults with Cushing’s syndrome caused by overproduction of cortisol due to adrenal gland issues Labour induction in cases of fetal death (under specific guidelines) Always use only as prescribed by a healthcare provider.

This medicine is taken orally in tablet form. For medical termination of pregnancy, it is typically given as a single 200 mg tablet, followed by misoprostol after 24–48 hours. In the case of Cushing’s syndrome, the dosage may start at 300 mg once daily and can be adjusted based on patient response and tolerance. Dosage should always be individualised and supervised by a doctor.

Common side effects: Nausea or vomiting Abdominal cramps or pain Diarrhea Headache Fatigue Dizziness Heavy vaginal bleeding (in pregnancy termination cases) Serious side effects (seek medical help if any occur): Severe or prolonged bleeding Signs of infection (fever, chills, foul-smelling vaginal discharge) Low blood pressure or fainting Adrenal gland problems (especially in Cushing’s patients) Allergic reactions such as rash or swelling

Not recommended for ectopic pregnancy Should not be used in patients with chronic adrenal failure Avoid in severe liver or kidney disease Dangerous interactions may occur with corticosteroids and blood thinners Should not be used by individuals allergic to the medication or similar compounds

Before using this medicine, inform your doctor if you have bleeding disorders, anaemia, heart disease, or if you are on long-term corticosteroids. It's important to undergo ultrasound and blood tests before starting treatment to confirm pregnancy details and rule out complications like ectopic pregnancy. Patients with Cushing’s syndrome should be monitored regularly for changes in blood pressure, potassium levels, and adrenal function. Avoid grapefruit juice during treatment, as it can affect how the drug works.

Always take this medication exactly as prescribed by your doctor. Do not self-administer or share it with anyone. If you're using it for pregnancy termination, follow up with your doctor after a week to confirm that the process is complete. In the case of Cushing’s syndrome, long-term use requires regular lab monitoring and dose adjustments. Avoid alcohol and heavy physical activity during the course of treatment. If you notice any unusual symptoms, reach out to your healthcare provider immediately.

https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2000/20687lbl.htm https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT00569582 https://www.medicines.org.uk/emc/files/pil.14350.pdf