SODIUM VALPROATE,VALPROIC ACID

Sodium valproate and valproic acid are anticonvulsant and mood-stabilising medications. These agents were first identified in 1882 by Beverly S. Burton, though initial medical applications were not pursued at that time. During the 1960s, their anticonvulsant properties were recognised, prompting development as an epilepsy treatment. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration approved valproic acid in 1978 for epilepsy management. Clinical applications have since broadened to encompass bipolar disorder and migraine prophylaxis. The medications are now established globally across multiple neurological and psychiatric indications.

Valproic acid is used to treat epilepsy, including various seizure types and epilepsy syndromes. Epilepsy is a neurological disorder characterized by recurrent and unpredictable seizures, which are episodes of abnormal electrical activity in the brain leading to symptoms such as loss of consciousness, muscle spasms, convulsions, altered sensations, or changes in behavior. It can also be prescribed for neurological conditions like bipolar disorder and migraines.

Valproic acid is available in various forms, including oral tablets, capsules, and liquid formulations. The dosage and route of administration depend on the individual's condition, age, and response to treatment. Your healthcare provider will determine the appropriate dose and duration of treatment based on your health condition and other factors. Do not self-administer or adjust the dosage without consulting your healthcare provider.

Common side effects may include: Diarrhea Stomach pain Nausea Vomiting Dizziness Hearing problems Hair loss Changes in menstrual periods Breast enlargement Swelling of feet and legs Weight gain Agitation Tingling or numbness in hands and feet Muscle pain and weakness Serious side effects may include: Severe blistering rash Liver problems Blood clotting problems Mood changes Memory loss Lack of concentration

Do not use valproic acid if you are allergic to it or any of its ingredients. Avoid using this medication if you have a rare condition called porphyria, a history of severe liver problems, urea cycle disorder, or mitochondrial disorders such as Alpers-Huttenlocher syndrome.

Before starting treatment, inform your physician if you have diabetes, kidney problems, brain disease, systemic lupus erythematosus, or a carnitine palmitoyltransferase type II deficiency. Women of childbearing potential should use effective contraception during treatment, as valproic acid can cause birth defects and developmental disorders in unborn babies.

Alcohol may interact with valproic acid and increase the risk of side effects such as drowsiness. Limitation or avoidance of alcohol during treatment is generally advised. Maintain consistent meal timing and a balanced diet. This medicine may affect appetite or lead to weight gain; discussion of any dietary concerns with your doctor or registered dietitian is recommended.

Desitin Arzneimittel GmbH, Electronic Medicines Compendium (EMC), [Revised on Dec 2021] [Accessed on 02 Sep 2023], https://www.medicines.org.uk/emc/files/pil.293.pdf Hospira, Inc, US Food and Drug Administration, [Revised on July 2013] [Accessed on 02 Sep 2023], https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2013/020593s026lbl.pdf