LEVONORGESTREL

Background and Date of Approval

The U.S. FDA approved Levonorgestrel for neurological disorders on July 28, 1999. Levonorgestrel contains a synthetic hormone-like substance, which belongs to the group of medicines called progestins.

Uses

Levonorgestrel is used as an emergency contraceptive and can be used within 72 hours (3 days) of unprotected sex or if your usual contraceptive method has failed.

How is it administered?

Take the Levonorgestrel as your physician advises. Swallow the tablets whole and intact. This tablet should be taken with food. Your physician will decide the correct dosage and duration based on age, body weight, and disease condition.

Side Effects

The most common side effects of Levonorgestrel are nausea, irregular bleeding until your next period, lower abdominal pain, fatigue, and headache.

Warnings

This medicine is not for use before first menstrual bleeding or for young women under 16 years old. Before starting the treatment, inform your doctor if you suspect pregnancy, as the tablets won't work if you're already pregnant. These tablets do not terminate the pregnancy and are not abortion pills. Signs of potential pregnancy include a period more than 5 days overdue, unusual bleeding when your expected period is due, or unprotected sex over 72 hours since your last period. Your doctor may suggest an alternative emergency contraceptive if needed. Do not consume this medicine if you have a condition like Crohn's disease affecting drug absorption in your small bowel, severe liver issues, a history of ectopic pregnancy (baby developing outside the womb), or a past occurrence of salpingitis (inflammation of the fallopian tubes). Do not use Levonorgestrel if you are allergic to Levonorgestrel or any of its ingredients.

Precautions

Before taking the medicine, notify your doctor if you are pregnant, planning to get pregnant, or think you may be pregnant or are breastfeeding. Notify your doctor if you have lactose intolerance or intolerance to any sugar molecules. If you have taken this medicine and plan to have sex without using the contraceptive pill, ensure protection with condoms or a cap plus spermicide until your next menstrual period. These tablets won't be effective if you have unprotected sex again before your upcoming period.

Word of Advice

Levonorgestrel does not provide protection against sexually transmitted infections; condom use is required for such protection. Guidance should be sought from a doctor, nurse, or family planning clinic. Levonorgestrel tablets are intended for emergency use only and should not be used as a regular contraceptive method. Use of levonorgestrel more than once within a single menstrual cycle may cause menstrual irregularities and may affect the timing of ovulation. This can alter the predicted dates of fertility, although long-term fertility data are not available. Adherence to your doctor's recommendations is essential throughout treatment. Any concerning symptoms or side effects should be reported to your healthcare provider promptly. Contact your doctor for additional information.

References

Janssen Biotech, Inc; US Food and Drug Administration; [Revised on July 2009] [ Accessed on 23rd August 2023], https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2009/021998lbl.pdf Lupin Healthcare (UK) Ltd, Electronic Medicines Compendium (EMC) [Revised on July 2023] [ Accessed on 23rd August 2023] *QRD Human Product Information Template (medicines.org.uk) Goodman & Gilman’s, The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, Blood coagulation and anticoagulant, fibrinolytic, and antiplatelet drugs, 12th edition, 2011, 870. KD Tripathi, Essentials of Medical Pharmacology, Drugs affecting Coagulation, bleeding, and thrombosis, 7th edition, 2013, 631.

Frequently Asked Questions

Can I use Levonorgestrel if I’m pregnant?

Do not take Levonorgestrel if you are pregnant, even though there is no evidence that this medicine will harm a baby. Before starting the treatment, inform your doctor if you are pregnant, planning to get pregnant, or think you may be pregnant.

Can I use Levonorgestrel with other medications?

Before using this medicine, it is essential to consult your doctor, as they can interact with various other medications. Getting suggestions from your doctor will help ensure the safe and appropriate use of Levonorgestrel with your current medication regimen.

What are the side effects of Levonorgestrel?

The most common side effects of Levonorgestrel are l nausea, irregular bleeding until your next period, lower abdominal pain, fatigue, and headache. If you experience any side effects, talk to your doctor.

Is it okay to consume alcohol while taking Levonorgestrel?

It is unknown whether consuming alcohol while taking Levonorgestrel is safe. Please speak with your physician.

How do you manage the side effects of Levonorgestrel?

To manage the side effects of Levonorgestrel, follow the prescribed dosage and report side effects promptly. Stay hydrated and maintain a healthy lifestyle and attend follow-up appointments.

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Written By: Muskan Patel, M.Pharm

Reviewed By: Dr. Vishwa Patel, MBBS