TENECTEPLASE
Background and Date of Approval
Tenecteplase is a fibrinolytic agent approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration on 31 August 2000 for the treatment of blood clots in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS).
Uses
Tenecteplase helps to prevent blood clots in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS), including unstable angina or myocardial infarction (heart attack).
How is it administered?
Tenecteplase Injection can be administered only as an intravenous injection into a vein by your physician in a hospital setting. Your physician will decide the correct dosage and duration based on age, body weight, and disease condition.
Side Effects
The side effects known to occur commonly during the treatment with Tenecteplase are headache, indigestion, nausea, constipation, rash, itching, pain and swelling in the joints, blurred vision, bleeding gums, and bruising. Some serious side effects include shortness of breath, a blood clotting problem called ttp (purplish spots in the mouth or mouth, fever, confusion, yellowing of the eyes or skin, fever), fainting, and bleeding (red or black stools, coughing up or vomiting with blood, red, pink, or brown urine).
Warnings
This drug is contraindicated in individuals with known hypersensitivity or allergic reactions to other ingredients in it. If you are scheduled for surgery (including dental work), it is important to inform your doctor. Due to the increased risk of bleeding associated with this drug, your physician may advise you to stop taking the medication five days prior to the surgery. If you develop irregular breathing patterns such as speeding up, slowing down, or experiencing short pauses in breathing, it is recommended to consult your doctor for further evaluation.
Precautions
Tenecteplase is not recommended during pregnancy or if there is a possibility of becoming pregnant. It is advised for women to use appropriate contraceptive measures to prevent pregnancy while using this medication. If you are breastfeeding, it's important to consult with your physician before taking this drug.
Word of Advice
Tenecteplase may affect platelet production. Take precautions to avoid injuries and bleeding. Exercise caution during activities that may increase injury risk, and report any unusual bleeding or bruising to your doctor.
References
Boehringer Ingelheim Ltd, Electronic medicines compendium (EMC), [ Revised on Feb 2023] [ Accessed on 18th July 2023], https://www.medicines.org.uk/emc/files/pil.3013.pdf Genentech, Inc, US Food and Drug Administration, [ Revised on Feb 2018] [ Accessed on 18th July 2023], https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2018/103909s5187lbl.pdf Goodman & Gilmanâs, The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, Modulation of cardiovascular functions, 12th edition, 2011, 866. KD Tripathi, Essentials of Medical Pharmacology, Drugs affecting coagulation, bleeding and thrombosis, 7th edition, 2013, 627.
Frequently Asked Questions
How does Tenecteplase work?
Tenecteplase works by inhibiting platelet activation and aggregation. It specifically blocks a receptor called P2Y12 on platelets, which prevents them from sticking together and forming blood clots. This helps maintain blood flow and reduce the risk of cardiovascular events in patients with ACS.
How is Tenecteplase taken?
Tenecteplase is taken orally in tablet form. The usual recommended dose for ACS patients is 180 mg as a loading dose, followed by 90 mg twice daily. It is important to follow the dosing instructions provided by your healthcare provider.
What are the common side effects of Tenecteplase?
Common side effects of Tenecteplase may include bleeding, shortness of breath, headache, dizziness, nausea, and fatigue. It is important to seek medical attention if you experience any signs of bleeding, such as prolonged or excessive bleeding from cuts, blood in urine or stool, or unexplained bruising.
Are there any drug interactions with Tenecteplase?
Tenecteplase may interact with other medications, including prescription drugs, over-the-counter medications, and herbal supplements. It is crucial to inform your healthcare provider about all the medications you are taking to avoid potential interactions that may affect the safety or efficacy of Tenecteplase.
What should I do if I miss a dose of Tenecteplase?
If you miss a dose of Tenecteplase, take it as soon as you remember and then continue with your regular dosing schedule. Do not take a double dose to make up for a missed dose unless advised by your healthcare provider.