SITAGLIPTIN
Background and Date of Approval
Sitagliptin was first approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) on October 16, 2006.
Uses
Sitagliptin is primarily used to manage type 2 diabetes in adults. It helps regulate blood sugar levels by increasing insulin production in response to meals and decreasing the amount of glucose produced by the liver.
How is it administered?
Sitagliptin is administered orally and is available as tablets in strengths: 25mg, 50mg, 100mg, 10mg/50mg, 10/100mg, 50mg/1000mg and 100mg/1000mg. Your physician will decide the correct dosage and duration based on age, body weight, and disease condition.
Side Effects
Sitagliptin can have side effects, though not everyone experiences them. Common side effects include upper respiratory tract infections, headaches, and stomach discomfort. Some individuals might experience more severe effects, such as pancreatitis, allergic reactions, or, in rare cases, hypoglycemia (low blood sugar).
Warnings
There's a potential risk of pancreatitis after taking Sitagliptin, which can lead to severe abdominal pain, nausea, and vomiting. Although less common compared to some other diabetes medications, it can cause low blood sugar levels, particularly when used in combination with other diabetic drugs. Some individuals may experience allergic reactions to sitagliptin, presenting as skin rash, itching, swelling, severe dizziness, or difficulty breathing. It should be used cautiously in individuals with a history of heart failure, as exacerbation of the condition has been reported in some cases.
Precautions
Be vigilant for symptoms of pancreatitis, such as severe abdominal pain, nausea, or vomiting after taking Sitagliptin. Immediately report any concerning symptoms to a healthcare provider for evaluation. Monitor for signs of allergic reactions like skin rash, itching, swelling, or breathing difficulties. Seek immediate medical assistance if any allergic symptoms arise. Regularly monitor blood sugar levels, especially when combining it with other diabetic medications. Recognize symptoms of hypoglycemia and take necessary precautions to manage low blood sugar. Individuals with a history of heart failure should use sitagliptin cautiously and under medical supervision.
Word of Advice
Monitor for symptoms including severe abdominal pain, which may indicate pancreatitis, allergic reactions, or hypoglycaemia after taking Sitagliptin. Inform your doctor promptly if any concerning symptoms develop. Attend all scheduled appointments with your doctor to monitor your condition and discuss any questions or concerns regarding this medication. Take Sitagliptin according to your doctor's instructions. Do not alter the dosage or discontinue the medication without consulting your healthcare provider. Inform your doctor of all medications, supplements, and health conditions you have to prevent potential interactions or complications with this medication. Maintain a balanced diet and regular exercise as part of your routine to support its effects in managing diabetes.
References
Bayer (Pty) Ltd, Patient information leaflet, [Revised on 15th March 2022], [Accessed on 25th Dec 2023], https://www.bayer.com/sites/default/files/NUBEQA_EN_PIL.pdf#page=2 Orion Corporation, Orion Pharma, Electronics Medicine Compendium (EMC), [Revised on January 2021], [Accessed on 25th Dec 2023], https://www.medicines.org.uk/emc/files/pil.11324.pdf Bayer HealthCare Pharmaceuticals Inc, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, [Revised on July 2019], [Accessed on 25th Dec 2023], https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2019/212099Orig1s000lbl.pd Goodman & Gilmanâs, The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, Natural products in cancer chemotherapy: hormones and related agents, 12th edition, 2011, 1707 - 1709.
Frequently Asked Questions
Does Sitagliptin cause weight gain?
Sitagliptin is considered weight-neutral for most individuals, meaning it typically doesnât cause significant weight gain or loss.
Are there any severe side effects of Sitagliptin?
Serious side effects of Sitagliptin might include pancreatitis, allergic reactions, and, in some cases, hypoglycemia. Immediate medical attention is necessary if experiencing severe symptoms.
How should Sitagliptin be taken?
Sitagliptin is usually taken orally, once daily, with or without food, as directed by a healthcare professional. Tablets should be swallowed whole and not crushed or chewed unless advised.
How long does it take for Sitagliptin to start working?
Sitagliptin typically starts working within a few days to a week of starting the medication. However, its full effect in controlling blood sugar levels might take several weeks.
Is it normal to experience stomach discomfort when taking Sitagliptin?
Some individuals might experience stomach-related side effects such as nausea or upset stomach after taking Sitagliptin. If these symptoms persist or worsen, it's advisable to consult a healthcare professional.
Are there any dietary restrictions while taking Sitagliptin?
Sitagliptin has no specific dietary restrictions, but maintaining a balanced diet that aligns with a diabetic meal plan is recommended for better management of blood sugar levels.